Patient monitor screen aggregation

ABSTRACT

A remote interface system according to some embodiments includes one or more patient monitoring devices having one or more sensors for patient monitoring, one or more first processors to receive information from the sensors and generate patient data based thereon, a web server, a first communication system, and a first screen to display a representation of at least a first portion of the patient data, and a remote interface device including a second communication system, a second screen, one or more second processors, an application executed by the one or more second processors and configured to detect a presence of the first communication system, establish a communication link between the first and second communication systems, establish a reliable connection channel (e.g. secure websocket connection) with the web server, receive the patient data via the connection, and display at least a second portion of the patient data on the second screen.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of and claims the benefit under 35U.S.C. § 120 of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/906,325, filed onJun. 19, 2020, entitled “Patient Monitor Screen Aggregation,” whichclaims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Non-Provisional patentapplication Ser. No. 16/404,262, filed on May 6, 2019, now U.S. Pat. No.10,722,119, which claims priority to and the benefit of U.S.Non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 15/704,841, filed on Sep.14, 2017, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,321,824, which claims priority to and thebenefit of U.S. Non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 14/213,662,filed on Mar. 14, 2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,788,724, which claimspriority to and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.61/792,961, filed on Mar. 15, 2013. This application is also related toPatent Cooperation Treaty Application No. PCT/US14/28704, filed on Mar.14, 2014, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in theirentireties for all purposes.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Embodiments of the present invention relate to remote screen and dataaggregation of information from multiple patient monitoring devices.

BACKGROUND

Patient monitoring devices, for example defibrillators, typicallyinclude a user interface screen for displaying data acquired about thepatient, for example via sensors in communication with the patientmonitoring device and with the patient. Such patient monitoring devicesare often portable. Data acquisition from such devices, even streamingdata acquisition, can often be delayed or cumbersome due to the largeamounts of data collected by the patient monitoring device, and/or theconnection limitations of current streaming technologies.

Such conventional streaming technologies typically include a latency ofat least one second or more, and/or rely upon a proprietary standardthat makes it difficult for other devices to connect to receive data.Systems that permit remote viewing a user interface also often do notpermit the user interfaces from multiple devices to be aggregated on asingle screen, and also often do not permit display of information fromthe device other than the information corresponding to that which issimultaneously displayed on the monitoring device.

SUMMARY

In Example 1, a remote interface system for medical application, theremote interface system comprising: a patient monitoring devicecomprising: one or more sensors configured for physical attachment to apatient; a first processor configured to receive information from theone or more sensors and to generate patient data based on theinformation; a web server; a first communication system; and a firstscreen configured to display a representation of at least a firstportion of the patient data; and a remote interface device comprising: asecond communication system; a second screen; a second processor; anapplication executed by the second processor, the application configuredto detect a presence of the first communication system, establish acommunication link between the first and second communication systems,establish a websocket connection with the web server, wherein thewebsocket connection is secure, receive the patient data via thewebsocket connection, and display at least a second portion of thepatient data on the second screen.

In Example 2, the remote interface system of Example 1, wherein thecommunication link is a direct communication link that does not travelover any wires outside of the patient monitoring device and the remoteinterface device.

In Example 3, the remote interface system of any of Examples 1-2,wherein at least a portion of the communication link includes a wirednetwork.

In Example 4, the remote interface system of any of Examples 1-3,wherein the patient monitoring device is portable.

In Example 5, the remote interface system of any of In Examples 1-4,wherein the remote interface device is portable.

In Example 6, the remote interface system of any of Examples 1-5,wherein the application is further configured to receive the patientdata via the websocket connection in packets each representing 120milliseconds of the patient data.

In Example 7, the remote interface system of any of Examples 1-6,wherein the web server sends a new packet of the patient data to theremote interface device at least once every 120 milliseconds.

In Example 8, the remote interface system of any of Examples 1-7,wherein the application is further configured to receive the patientdata via the websocket connection in packets each representing between40 and 200 milliseconds of the patient data.

In Example 9, the remote interface system of any of Examples 1-8,wherein packets of the patient data sent by the web server to the remoteinterface device include ECG waveform data from the patient.

In Example 10, the remote interface system of any of Examples 1-9,wherein packets of the patient data sent by the web server to the remoteinterface device are structured according to Javascript Object Notation(JSON) protocol.

In Example 11, the remote interface system of any of Examples 1-10,wherein the remote interface device is configured to show portions ofthe patient data on the second screen which the patient monitoringdevice is not configured to show on the first screen.

In Example 12 the remote interface system of any of Examples 1-11,wherein the first portion of the patient data is not the same as thesecond portion of the patient data, and wherein the remote interfacedevice is configured to show the second portion of the patient datasimultaneously with the patient monitoring device showing the firstportion of the patient data.

In Example 13, the remote interface system of any of Examples 1-12,wherein the patient monitoring device is a first patient monitoringdevice, the one or more sensors are a first set of one or more sensors,the patient is a first patient, the processor is a first processor, theinformation is first information, the patient data is first patientdata, the web server is a first web server, the communication link is afirst communication link, the websocket connection is a first websocketconnection, the remote interface system further comprising a secondpatient monitoring device comprising: a second set of one or moresensors configured for physical attachment to a second patient; a secondprocessor configured to receive second information from the second setof one or more sensors and to generate second patient data based on thesecond information; a second web server; a third communication system;and a third screen configured to display a representation of at least afirst portion of the second patient data; and wherein the application isfurther configured to detect a presence of the third communicationsystem, establish a second communication link between the first andthird communication systems, establish a second websocket connectionwith the second web server, wherein the second websocket connection issecure, receive the second patient data via the second websocketconnection, and display at least a second portion of the second patientdata on the second screen.

In Example 14, the remote interface system of any of Examples 1-13,wherein the application is configured to display the at least the secondportion of the second patient data on the second screen simultaneouslywith displaying the at least the second portion of the first patientdata on the second screen.

In Example 15, the remote interface system of any of Examples 1-14,wherein the at least the second portion of the first patient data isdisplayed in a first data window on the second screen, and wherein theat least the second portion of the second patient data is displayed in asecond data window on the second screen, and wherein the application isfurther configured to permit one or both of the first data window andthe second data window to be repositioned on the second screen.

In Example 16, the remote interface system of any of Examples 1-15,wherein the at least the second portion of the first patient data isdisplayed in a first data window on the second screen, and wherein theat least the second portion of the second patient data is displayed in asecond data window on the second screen, and wherein the application isfurther configured to permit, during use of the remote interface system,reassignment of the first data window to display of the at least thesecond portion of the second patient data.

In Example 17, the remote interface system of any of Examples 1-16,wherein the application is further configured to permit one or both ofthe first data window and the second data window to be repositioned onthe second screen via a drag-and-drop process.

In Example 18, the remote interface system of any of Examples 1-17,wherein the remote interface device is a first remote interface device,the application is a first application, the communication link is afirst communication link, the websocket connection is a first websocketconnection, the remote interface system further comprising a secondremote interface device, the second remote interface device comprising:a third communication system; a third screen; a third processor; asecond application executed by the third processor, the secondapplication configured to detect a presence of the first communicationsystem, establish a second communication link between the first andthird communication systems, establish a second websocket connectionwith the web server, wherein the second websocket connection is secure,receive the patient data via the second websocket connection, anddisplay at least a third portion of the patient data on the thirdscreen.

In Example 19, the remote interface system of any of Examples 1-18,wherein the third portion of the patient data is the same as the secondportion of the patient data.

In Example 20, the remote interface system any of Examples 1-19, whereinthe second application is further configured to display the at least thethird portion of the patient data on the third screen simultaneouslywith the display of the at least the second portion of the patient dataon the second screen.

In Example 21, the remote interface system of any of Examples 1-20,wherein the second portion and the third portion of the patient data aredifferent.

In Example 22, the remote interface system of any of Examples 1-21,wherein the patient monitoring device is a defibrillator.

In Example 23, a method for remote interface with a medical device, themethod comprising: monitoring a patient with a patient monitoringdevice, the patient monitoring device having a web server, a firstscreen, and one or more sensors attached to the patient; generatingpatient data based on information received from the one or more sensors;displaying at least a first portion of the patient data on the firstscreen; establishing a secure websocket connection between the webserver and a remote interface device; receiving the patient data fromthe patient monitoring device with the remote interface device via thesecure websocket connection; and displaying at least a second portion ofthe patient data on a second screen on the remote interface device.

In Example 24, the method of Example 23, wherein the secure websocketconnection is completely wireless between the patient monitoring deviceand the remote interface device.

In Example 25, the method of any of Examples 23-24, wherein the securewebsocket connection runs through at least a portion of a wired network.

In Example 26, the method of any of In Example 23-25, wherein thepatient monitoring device is portable.

In Example 27, the method of any of Examples 23-26, wherein the remoteinterface device is portable.

In Example 28, the method of any of Examples 23-27, wherein receivingthe patient data further comprises receiving the patient data in packetseach representing 120 milliseconds of the patient data.

In Example 29, the method of any of Examples 23-28, wherein receivingthe patient data further comprises receiving the patient data in packetseach representing between 40 and 200 milliseconds of the patient data.

In Example 30, the method of any of Examples 23-29, wherein packets ofthe patient data sent by the web server to the remote interface deviceinclude ECG waveform data from the patient.

In Example 31, the method of any of Examples 23-30, further comprisingformatting the patient data into packets of data before sending thepatient data with the web server, and wherein the patient data isformatted into the packets according to Javascript Object Notation(JSON) protocol.

In Example 32, the method of any of Examples 23-31, wherein displayingthe at least the second portion of the patient data on the second screencomprises displaying the at least the second portion of the patient dataon the second screen simultaneously with the displaying of the at leastthe first portion of the patient data on the first screen.

In Example 33, the method of any of Examples 23-32, wherein the firstportion of the patient data is different from the second portion of thepatient data.

In Example 34, the method of any of Examples 23-33, wherein the patientmonitoring device is a first patient monitoring device, the web serveris a first web server, the one or more sensors is a first set of one ormore sensors, the patient data is first patient data, the information isfirst information, and the secure websocket connection is a first securewebsocket connection, the method further comprising: monitoring a secondpatient with a second patient monitoring device, the second patientmonitoring device having a second web server, a third screen, and asecond set of one or more sensors attached to the second patient;generating second patient data based on second information received fromthe second set of one or more sensors; displaying at least a firstportion of the second patient data on the third screen; establishing asecond secure websocket connection between the web server and the remoteinterface device; receiving the second patient data from the secondpatient monitoring device via the second secure websocket connection;and displaying at least a second portion of the second patient data onthe second screen on the remote interface device.

In Example 35, the method of any of Examples 23-34, wherein the remoteinterface device is a first remote interface device, and wherein thesecure websocket connection is a first secure websocket connection, themethod further comprising: establishing a second secure websocketconnection between the web server and a second remote interface device;receiving the patient data from the patient monitoring device with thesecond remote interface device via the second secure websocketconnection; and displaying at least a third portion of the patient dataon a third screen of the second remote interface device.

In Example 36, the method of any of Examples 23-35, wherein the secondportion of the patient data is the same as the third portion of thepatient data.

In Example 37, the method of any of Examples 23-36, wherein the firstportion of the patient data is the same as the second portion of thepatient data.

In Example 38, the method of any of Examples 23-37, wherein the secondportion of the patient data is different from the third portion of thepatient data.

In Example 39, a remote interface system for medical application, theremote interface system comprising: a patient monitoring devicecomprising: one or more sensors configured for physical attachment to apatient; a first processor configured to receive information from theone or more sensors and to generate patient data based on theinformation; a web server; a first communication system; and a firstscreen configured to display a representation of at least a firstportion of the patient data; and a remote interface device comprising: asecond communication system; a second screen; a second processor; anapplication executed by the second processor, the application configuredto detect a presence of the first communication system, establish acommunication link between the first and second communication systems,establish a reliable connection channel with the web server, wherein thereliable connection channel is secure, receive the patient data via thereliable connection channel, and display at least a second portion ofthe patient data on the second screen.

In Example 40, while multiple embodiments are disclosed, still otherembodiments of the present invention will become apparent to thoseskilled in the art from the following detailed description, which showsand describes illustrative embodiments of the invention. Accordingly,the drawings and detailed description are to be regarded as illustrativein nature and not restrictive.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates a screen aggregation system, according to embodimentsof the present invention.

FIG. 2 illustrates a screen aggregation system, according to embodimentsof the present invention.

FIG. 3 illustrates a screen aggregation display, according toembodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 4 illustrates the screen aggregation display of FIG. 3 with remotescreen displays repositioned.

FIG. 5 illustrates a computer system, according to embodiments of thepresent invention.

FIG. 6 illustrates communication and timing between browser and server,according to embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 7 illustrates an alternative screen aggregation display, accordingto embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 8 illustrates communication and timing between browser and serverfor a traditional http polling situation.

While the invention is amenable to various modifications and alternativeforms, specific embodiments have been shown by way of example in thedrawings and are described in detail below. The intention, however, isnot to limit the invention to the particular embodiments described. Onthe contrary, the invention is intended to cover all modifications,equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the inventionas defined by the appended claims.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 illustrates a screen aggregation system 100, which may also bereferred to as a remote interface system, including patient monitoringdevices 10 each configured for physical attachment to patient 5,according to embodiments of the present invention. As one example,patient monitoring device 10 may be a defibrillator, and electrodes fromthe defibrillator 10 may be attached to the patient 5. For example,device 10 may be a ZOLL® X Series or R Series patient monitor anddefibrillator equipped as described herein. Other sensors may also beattached to the patient, either physically or wirelessly, for example ablood pressure sensor, heart rate monitor, or a pulse oximeter. Themonitoring device 10 may include a display screen 11 configured todisplay information about the patient 5, for example the patient'selectrocardiogram ECG wave data, blood pressure over time, heart rate,pulse oximetry data, alarms, and other patient information, according toembodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 1 also illustrates a remote interface device 20, which may also bereferred to as a screen aggregation device 20, which is configured tocommunicate wirelessly or with a wired connection with each of thepatient monitoring devices 10. The remote interface device 20 includes ascreen 22 for displaying information. The screen 22 may be controlled bya display module which causes the screen 22 to display information abouttwo or more of the patient monitoring devices 10. For example, as shownin FIG. 1, the screen 22 may be configured to display the user interfacescreen 11 of each device 10 in one of six screen positions 31-36 ofscreen 22. For example, the user interface 11 of one device 10 is shownin screen position 31; the user interface 11′ of another device 10′ isshown in screen position 32; and the user interface 11″ of anotherdevice 10″ is shown in screen position 34. According to someembodiments, the user interfaces 11, 11′, 11″ are viewed remotely onscreen 22 in “real time,” such that what is displayed on each of userinterfaces 11, 11′, 11″ is displayed simultaneously on screen 22.

According to other embodiments of the present invention, the screen 22is configured to display information or data received from devices 10,10′, 10″ other than, and/or in addition to, the information or datasimultaneously displayed on screens 11, 11′, 11″. In some cases, thescreen 22 is configured to display information or data from devices 10,10′, 10″ which those devices are simply unable to display, or are notconfigured to display under any circumstances. This could include datawhich may be deemed not important enough to display on the device 10 dueto device's role in monitoring a patient and conveying critical patientinformation, and may also include data of a different type or formatthan that displayed on device 10, including for example historical dataor combinations or plots of certain data types.

Although six screen positions 31-36 are shown on device 20, one ofordinary skill in the art will appreciate based on the presentdisclosure that various other numbers, shapes, layouts, andconfigurations of screen positions may be used, according to embodimentsof the present invention.

FIG. 2 illustrates a device 10 and device 20, according to embodimentsof the present invention. Patient monitoring device 10 may include oneor more sensors 108 configured for physical attachment to a patient, aprocessor 100 configured to receive information from the one or moresensors 108 and to generate patient data based on the information, a webserver 102, a wireless or wired communication system 104, a database106, and a display or screen 11 configured to display a representationof at least a portion of the patient data. The remote interface device20 includes a wireless or wired communication system 204, a screen ordisplay 22, a processor 200, and a web browser 202, according toembodiments of the present invention. The processor 200 may beconfigured to run an application, for example in the form ofinstructions stored in database 206 and executable by processor 200.Such an application may be configured to detect a presence of the firstwireless or wired communication system 104. This detection may beaccomplished using an auto-discovery system, for example multicastdomain name system (mDNS). Example of auto-discovery systems that may beused by processor 200 to discover the communication system 104 includeApple Bonjour and Rendezvous, Avahi, Zeroconf, mDNS, and the like. Asused herein, “communication system” is used in its broadest sense torefer to a system capable of establishing communications, eitherdirectly or indirectly, and via one or a combination of a wired,wireless, or other connection capable of exchanging information.

Once communication system 104 is discovered (e.g. its presence isdiscovered within a certain wireless range of device 20), acommunication link is established between communication system 104 andcommunication system 204. This may be a direct wireless connectionbetween wireless communications systems 104, 204, wherein thecommunication link does not travel over any wires outside of the patientmonitoring device 10 and the remote interface device 20. Alternatively,this may be an indirect wireless connection, for example via a wirednetwork 120, according to embodiments of the present invention.Alternatively, this may be a direct wired connection, either direct orvia network 120, according to embodiments of the present invention. Nexta websocket connection is established between web browser 202 and webserver 102. The websocket connection may employ the WebSocket Protocolas defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and WebSocketAPI as described in publications of the W3C as part of the HTML5initiative. The websocket connection may alternatively be based on, butnot conforming to, such protocols and APIs. The websocket connection maybe a reliable connection channel, even if such reliable connectionchannel is not a WebSocket connection. According to some embodiments ofthe present invention, the websocket connection is secure and/orencrypted, for example using standard TCP/IP encryption techniques suchas basic authentication with secure socket layer (SSL) encryption. Oncethe websocket connection is established, the processor 200 receivespatient data via the websocket connection (via web browser 202), anddisplays at least a portion of the patient data on the screen 22,according to embodiments of the present invention. According to someembodiments of the present invention, a websocket connection is a lowlatency bi-directional communication pipe, for example having a latencyof 40-200 ms, which, once established, is not driven by requests likeHTTP but is instead an established communications pipe.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example of the establishment of a websocketconnection between server 102 and browser 202, according to embodimentsof the present invention. In server request 62, the browser 202 sends arequest to the server 102 to establish a websocket connection, and thenthe server 102 sends responses 63-66 back to the browser 202. Accordingto some embodiments of the present invention, each server response 63-66includes 120 milliseconds (ms) of patient data from patient monitoringdevice 10. For some patient data, this includes an average or other dataprocessing result of sample data taken at a rate of one sample per 4 ms;for other patient data, this includes a new waveform (e.g. ECG waveform)or changes to the waveform (or other plot or graph) over the 120 msperiod. As such, because each of the messages 63-66 includes a 120 msblock of data, the websocket messages 63-66 may be sent every 120 ms asshown, according to embodiments of the present invention. Thesewebsocket messages significantly reduce latency compared with astreaming data setup, because no additional server request, other thanthe initializing websocket server request 62, is necessary in order toprompt the sending of messages 63-66 to the browser 202. According tosome embodiments of the present invention, each message 63-66 includes40 to 200 ms of patient data, and each message 63-66 is sent 40-200 msapart.

The websocket connection of FIG. 6 may be compared with the illustrationof a traditional http polling connection of FIG. 8. FIG. 8 illustratesan example of the establishment of a streaming or polling connectionbetween server 102 and browser 202, according to embodiments of thepresent invention. In server request 82, the browser 202 sends a requestfor content to the server 102, including full header information, andthen the server 102 sends a response 83 back to the browser 202. Thebrowser 202 then sends another request for content 84 to the server 102,and then the server 102 sends the next response 85 back to the browser202. This continues back-and-forth, thus increasing the overall latencyof the connection compared with a websocket connection. In theconnection of FIG. 8, a separate request is made for each period ofpatient data, and each separate request is responded to with theparticular requested information. By contrast, with the websocketconnection of FIG. 6, once the communication pipe is established, theserver 102 continues to send each period of the patient data evenwithout it being further requested, according to embodiments of thepresent invention.

The websocket messages 63-66 may be sent in the form of packets, forexample having a header and a payload (e.g. patient data). The packetmay be formatted according to the JavaScript Object Notation (JSON)protocol or other suitable format. Using a protocol such as JSONprovides a data format that is relatively easy to parse and interpret,in a non-proprietary sense, which permits designers of screenaggregation devices or other web browser-enabled devices to more easilydesign an interface with devices 10, according to embodiments of thepresent invention. As such, in some embodiments the communicationsconnection between devices 10 and 20 may be secure and authenticated,for example using SSL, but the patient data itself may be human-readableand sent via websockets in the JSON or similar protocol. JSON is atext-based format that is language-independent and human-readable. Someelements of the data structure may include values (e.g. a heart ratevalue), while other elements may include arrays (e.g. data sufficient toreconstruct a patient's ECG waveform over the sample period). JSON alsocompresses well, and most off-the-shelf web browsers have the ability tohandle JSON compression. Objects may be named with strings which helpother users identify the data type for such object for use in subsequentparsing, according to embodiments of the present invention. Use of suchprotocol may also reduce an overall amount of code, by permittingrecipients of the patient data to easily parse it rather thaninterpreting, converting, and/or translating it. The data sent via thewebsocket connection may be compressed using customary supportedcompression standards, according to embodiments of the presentinvention. Other nonproprietary or proprietary data formats or standardsmay be used for the data transmitted by the websocket connection,according to embodiments of the present invention.

FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate example screen displays 22, showing that screenpositions for user interface displays may be changed or customized bythe user. For example, FIG. 3 shows a simultaneous display of threescreens from three different devices 10, 10′, 10″. The user interfacedisplayed in screen position 32 may be moved to a new screen position33, for example by selecting the user interface in position 32 anddragging it to screen position 33 in the direction of arrow 37,according to embodiments of the present invention. Similarly, the userinterface displayed in screen position 34 may be moved to a new screenposition 35, for example by selecting the user interface in position 32and dragging it to screen position 35 in the direction of arrow 38,according to embodiments of the present invention. This would result inthe new screen 22 layout resembling that of FIG. 4. Screen positions31-36 may alternatively be referred to as “slots.”

In addition to moving screen displays to different positions on theaggregated screen 22, new websocket connections may be establishedbetween device 20 and other patient monitoring devices. For example, thedevice aggregation application running on device 20 may permit the userto select a menu or listing of patient monitoring devices 10 that havebeen discovered or that are available for connection, permitting theuser to select one of the devices with which to establish a newwebsockets connection. According to some embodiments of the presentinvention, the application may also prompt the user to specify a screenlocation for the new user interface display on screen 22. According tosome embodiments of the present invention, the application permitsreconfiguration “on the fly” of which display “slots” or screenpositions 31-36 are in communication with which devices 10.

According to embodiments of the present invention, the aggregationdevice 20 may itself be connected to one or more additional internal orexternal monitors or screens (not shown), and the user may reassignand/or rearrange the screen position corresponding to each device 10 towhich device 20 is connected across any of the “slots” on any of thescreens associated with device 20, according to embodiments of thepresent invention. This ability is dynamic and does not affect thedevices 10, 10′, 10″ to which the device 20 is connected, or theconnectivity as between the devices 10, 10′, 10″ and the aggregationconsole device 20, according to embodiments of the present invention. Ina similar manner, a screen replication, or other data from, the samedevice 10 may be placed in more than one “slot” simultaneously anywhereamong the various “slots” of the device 20 and its associated monitorsor screens. The same device 10 interface may also be displayedsimultaneously by two or more different aggregation devices 20,according to embodiments of the present invention. This ability isdynamic and does not affect the devices 10, 10′, 10″ involved, accordingto embodiments of the present invention.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the arrangementand number of slots 31-36 on each device 20 and across multiple screens22 of device 20 is configurable. A default configuration including aparticular number of slots may be requested during a request for aparticular frame from any one of the devices 10, 10′, 10″, according toembodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 4 also illustrates an additional visual arrangement which may beused with screen 22 on device 20, according to embodiments of thepresent invention. Screen positions 31, 33, 35 each replicate a display11, 11′, 11″ of one of devices 10, 10′, 10″ simultaneously with thosedisplays, while screen positions 32, 34, 36 may be used to displayinformation that is in addition to the information currently displayedby the device 10, 10′, 10″ itself, and may even include informationwhich the respective patient monitoring device is incapable ofdisplaying. For example, screen position 31 may be configured tosimultaneously replicate a user interface 11 of device 10, while screenposition 32 may be configured to display a different format for the samedata as displayed in screen position 31, or data or a portion thereofthat is received via the websocket connection with device 10 and that isin addition to or different from the data shown in screen position 31.According to some embodiments of the present invention, screen positions31 and 32 each display different portions of the patient data receivedvia the same websocket connection; according to other embodiments of thepresent invention, screen positions 31 and 32 each display patient dataor portions of patient data received via independent websocketconnections with the same device 10.

The screen aggregation device 20 may be a portable computing device, forexample a computing tablet or mobile device, according to embodiments ofthe present invention. According to some embodiments of the presentinvention, device 10 may also be configured to generate a portabledocument format (PDF) report and send it to a subscribing device (e.g.device 20) via a websocket link. The web server 102 may also supportregular HTTP requests for data, for example a historical database ofpatient data stored in database 106, according to embodiments of thepresent invention. Because device 10 includes a web server 102, thedevice 20 may be any computing device, for example an off-the-shelfcomputer with no special software pre-installed. In this scenario, theapplication which device 20 runs in order to connect with device 10 maybe transmitted from the web server 102 to the browser 202 and executedin order to install or open the application on the second device 20. Inother words, the web server 102 also permits any special software usedto receive the data from device 10 to be sent directly to any otherdevice 20 with a web browser 202 and processor 200, according toembodiments of the present invention.

For example, the device 20 can request both the console frame software(e.g. the software that makes the browser display the one or more slotsor screen positions 31-36 on screen 22) and the device content (e.g.device screen content) from any of devices 10, 10′, 10″ because each ofthose devices may include servers 102 that are able to provide not onlythe content but the software for viewing the content. A user of console20 can make a request (to device 10) for the console frame (e.g. thescreen replication of device screen 11) and preselect in the request thenumber of available slots per monitor or screen for the console 20. Oncethe frame software is loaded at the console 20, the frame software doesnot need to be loaded again unless the console's 20 browser 202 stops,according to embodiments of the present invention.

At the screen aggregation console 20, the user may configure the numberof slots per monitor or screen, and the arrangement of the slots on eachmonitor or screen of console 20. This information about theconfiguration, arrangement, and/or number of slots per monitor or screencan be stored and updated in a configuration file. The configurationfile may be stored, for example, on the console device 20, which may insome cases be a PC. Configuration files are compatible with framesoftware originating from any device, according to embodiments of thepresent invention. The configuration file may be in a JSON file format,though other file formats or implementations will suitably store theinformation, according to embodiments of the present invention. Suchconfiguration files may be accessed from cloud storage, and/or carriedwith or associated with each user, such that the configuration file fora user is useable with frame software originating from any device 10,10′, 10″, according to embodiments of the present invention.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, for devices 10which are temporarily or permanently fixed in location (e.g. in atemporary hospital ward), the screen 22 may include a map of thegeographic or physical location, with the screen positions 31 overlaidat a position corresponding to the location of the corresponding deviceon the map, to permit a person who is viewing aggregated informationfrom one or more devices in the particular ward or location to see wherein such ward or location the device is located. According to someembodiments of the present invention, instead of screen positions 31overlaid on the map, the map includes characters or icons showing alocation of a device 10 with an availability for a websocket connection,and a user's selection of such icon or character establishes thewebsocket connection and/or changes all or a portion of the screen 22 todisplay the patient data from such websocket connection. According toembodiments of the present invention, the device 20 permits the datashown on screen 22, or portions thereof, to be selected and/or enlargedand/or minimized.

While FIG. 2 shows a single patient monitoring device 10 communicablycoupled with a single remote interface system 20, one of ordinary skillin the art will appreciate that remote interface system 20 may becommunicably coupled, for example via websocket connections, withmultiple patient monitoring devices 10. For example, device 20 may evenbe coupled with more patient monitoring devices 10 than device 20 iscapable of visually representing at any one time on screen 22. In suchcases, the screen 22 may permit vertical and/or horizontal scrolling inorder to view additional screen positions and additional user interfacedisplays. According to some embodiments, a user may select a particularscreen position, for example screen position 31, which causes the userinterface screen 11 displayed at that screen position to become enlargedand/or to enlarge to the full size of screen 22.

Additionally, multiple remote interface devices 20 may establishwebsocket connections with the same patient monitoring device 10. Assuch, multiple screen aggregators 20 may be used, each with its own or asubset of devices 10, 10′, 10″ displayed, permitting the user of devices20 to decide which screens to aggregate on that particular device at aparticular time. Such websocket connections would be established asdescribed herein, according to embodiments of the present invention.

While device 10 is described as a patient monitoring device, device 10may alternatively be a different type of device, for example a differenttype of medical device 10, which has a visual display. For example, thedevice 10 may be a navigation device located in an ambulance, and thescreen aggregator 20 may be used to simultaneously display the userinterface (and/or associated data) from the navigation device alongsidethe user interface (and/or associated data) from the patient monitoringdevice 10 for the patient 5 in the same ambulance, according toembodiments of the present invention. Such non-patient monitoringdevices may establish websocket connections similarly to those describedabove for the connections between devices 10 and devices 20, accordingto embodiments of the present invention.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, for example forweb browsers 202 which do not fully support HTML5 functionality, thepatient data information may be packaged into a browser cookie, suchthat it is transmitted to the browser via a browser session, rather thanwith a basic authentication header. While this workaround achievesincreased performance over existing streaming and permits the systemsdescribed herein to work with a wider range of browsers, it may exhibita latency that is larger than that of websockets.

FIG. 5 is an example of a computer or computing device system 500 withwhich embodiments of the present invention may be utilized. For example,devices 10 or 20 may be or incorporate a computer system 500, accordingto embodiments of the present invention. According to the presentexample, the computer system includes a bus 501, at least one processor502, at least one communication port 503, a main memory 504, a removablestorage media 505, a read only memory 506, and a mass storage 507.

Processor(s) 502 can be any known processor, such as, but not limitedto, an Intel® Itanium® or Itanium 2® processor(s), or AMD® Opteron® orAthlon MP® processor(s), or Motorola® lines of processors, or any knownmicroprocessor or processor for a mobile device, such as, but notlimited to, ARM, Intel Pentium Mobile, Intel Core i5 Mobile, AMD A6Series, AMD Phenom II Quad Core Mobile, or like devices. Communicationport(s) 503 can be any of an RS-232 port for use with a modem baseddialup connection, a copper or fiber 10/100/1000 Ethernet port, or aBluetooth® or WiFi interface, for example. Communication port(s) 503 maybe chosen depending on a network such a Local Area Network (LAN), WideArea Network (WAN), Virtual Private Network (VPN) or any network towhich the computer system 500 connects. Main memory 504 can be RandomAccess Memory (RAM), or any other dynamic storage device(s) commonlyknown to one of ordinary skill in the art. Read only memory 506 can beany static storage device(s) such as Programmable Read Only Memory(PROM) chips for storing static information such as instructions forprocessor 502, for example.

Mass storage 507 can be used to store information and instructions. Forexample, flash memory or other storage media may be used, includingremovable or dedicated memory in a mobile or portable device, accordingto embodiments of the present invention. As another example, hard diskssuch as the Adaptec® family of SCSI drives, an optical disc, an array ofdisks such as RAID (e.g. the Adaptec family of RAID drives), or anyother mass storage devices may be used. Bus 501 communicably couplesprocessor(s) 502 with the other memory, storage and communicationblocks. Bus 501 can be a PCI/PCI-X or SCSI based system bus depending onthe storage devices used, for example. Removable storage media 505 canbe any kind of external hard-drives, floppy drives, flash drives, zipdrives, compact disc-read only memory (CD-ROM), compact disc-re-writable(CD-RW), or digital video disk-read only memory (DVD-ROM), for example.The components described above are meant to exemplify some types ofpossibilities. In no way should the aforementioned examples limit thescope of the invention, as they are only exemplary embodiments ofcomputer system 500 and related components.

FIG. 7 illustrates an alternative screen aggregation display, accordingto embodiments of the present invention. The display on the screen ofFIG. 7 includes one or more tabs 72 which permit a user to select a“layer” of screens to view at any one time. Each tab 72 may correspondto a screen having its own set of screen positions 31-36, and not allthe devices 10 to which device 20 is communicably connected need bedisplayed simultaneously on the same screen. Also, while device isillustrated in FIGS. 1, 3, 4, and 7 as resembling an interface of atablet computing device, one of ordinary skill in the art willunderstand, based on the present disclosure, that other kinds of devices20 may be employed in a similar fashion, for example desktops, servers,personal computers, “smart” televisions, personal mobile devices, musicplayers, and other devices.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the aggregationdevice 20, and/or the software application running on the aggregationdevice 20 to aggregate and display data from various monitoring devices10, 10′, 10″, is configured to emit an audible alarm and/or a visualalarm when any device 10, 10′, 10″ monitored by the aggregation device20 issues an alarm. The device 20 or its software may employ a globalalarm suspend feature, which permits the alarm caused by any of thedevices 10, 10′, 10″ on device 20 to be suspended for a configurablenumber of minutes (for example, by permitting the user to select abutton or a software button to suspend the alarm). When the configurablenumber of minutes has passed, and at least one device 10, 10′, 10″ alarmis still active, the console 20 alarm is reactivated, according toembodiments of the present invention. According to other embodiments ofthe present invention, the global alarm (i.e. the visual and/or audiblealarm on the console device 20) is initiated or resumed if an alarm froma new or additional monitored device 10 is initiated while the globalalarm suspend period is still active. In other words, the alarm suspendis interrupted and the sound is reactivated by a new alarm beinginitiated, either from the same device 10 or a new device 10′, 10″ fromthe plurality of devices configured to interact with the aggregationconsole 20, according to embodiments of the present invention.

Various modifications and additions can be made to the exemplaryembodiments discussed without departing from the scope of the presentinvention. For example, while the embodiments described above refer toparticular features, the scope of this invention also includesembodiments having different combinations of features and embodimentsthat do not include all of the described features. Accordingly, thescope of the present invention is intended to embrace all suchalternatives, modifications, and variations as fall within the scope ofthe claims, together with all equivalents thereof.

What is claimed is:
 1. A patient monitoring system for medicalapplications, the patient monitoring system comprising: a plurality ofexternal defibrillators, each external defibrillator of the plurality ofexternal defibrillators comprising: one or more sensors configured tophysically couple to a patient and to acquire patient data, adefibrillator screen configured to display a portion of the patient dataat a given time, and a first wireless communication system; and acomputing interface comprising: a second wireless communication system,a device screen, and at least one processor coupled with the secondwireless communication system and the device screen, the at least oneprocessor being configured to: establish wireless communicationconnections with the plurality of external defibrillators via the secondwireless communication system and the first wireless communicationsystem of each external defibrillator, receive, via the wirelesscommunication connections, portions of patient data comprising theportion of the patient data from each external defibrillator, anddisplay on the device screen, at the given time, each of the portions ofpatient data.
 2. The patient monitoring system of claim 1, wherein thepatient data comprises patient electrocardiogram (ECG) data.
 3. Thepatient monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the patient data comprisesone or more of blood pressure data, heart rate data, or pulse oximetrydata.
 4. The patient monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the at leastone processor is configured to display on the device screen, at thegiven time, each of the portions of patient data at a different screenposition.
 5. The patient monitoring system of claim 4, wherein thecomputing interface further comprises a user input configured to receivea move command and the at least one processor is configured to move oneor more portions of the portions of patient data from one or more screenpositions to one or more different screen positions based on receptionof the move command.
 6. The patient monitoring system of claim 4,wherein the at least one processor is configured to display the portionof the patient data from one external defibrillator of the plurality ofexternal defibrillators at a plurality of screen positions.
 7. Thepatient monitoring system of claim 4, wherein an arrangement and anumber of screen positions are configurable parameters.
 8. The patientmonitoring system of claim 1, wherein for at least one externaldefibrillator of the plurality of external defibrillators: the portionof the patient data is a first portion of the patient data; thedefibrillator screen is configured to omit a second portion of thepatient data at the given time; and the at least one processor isconfigured to display, at the given time, the first portion of thepatient data from one external defibrillator of the plurality ofexternal defibrillators at a first position on the device screen; anddisplay, at the given time, a second portion of the patient data fromthe one external defibrillator at a second position on the devicescreen.
 9. The patient monitoring system of claim 8, wherein the secondportion of the patient data is different from the first portion of thepatient data.
 10. The patient monitoring system of claim 8, wherein: thesecond portion of the patient data is a copy of the first portion of thepatient data; and a format of the second portion of the patient data isdifferent from a format of the first portion of the patient data. 11.The patient monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the wirelesscommunication connections are configured to encrypt transmissions usingsecure socket layer (SSL) encryption.
 12. The patient monitoring systemof claim 11, wherein at least one wireless communication connection ofthe wireless communication connections is configured to failautomatically where an unsecured proxy server attempts to connect to anexternal defibrillator of the plurality of external defibrillators viathe at least one wireless communication connection.
 13. The patientmonitoring system of claim 1, wherein the wireless communicationconnections are configured to provide full-duplex communication betweenthe external defibrillators and the mobile device.
 14. The patientmonitoring system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor isconfigured to display on the device screen a map of an area thatincludes the plurality of external defibrillators.
 15. The patientmonitoring system of claim 14, wherein the at least one processor isconfigured to display on the device screen, at the given time, theportions of patient data positions on the map that corresponds to alocation of a corresponding external defibrillator of the plurality ofexternal defibrillators.
 16. The patient monitoring system of claim 14,wherein the at least one processor is configured to display on thedevice screen one or more characters or icons that identify locations ofone or more corresponding devices with which additional wirelesscommunication connections can be established.
 17. The patient monitoringsystem of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to:display a row of tabs on the device screen; and display on the devicescreen the portion of the patient data from an external defibrillator ofthe plurality of external defibrillators in response to a selection of atab of the row of tabs.
 18. The patient monitoring system of claim 1,wherein the at least one processor is configured to issue one or both ofan audible or visual alarm in response to an alarm being issued by anyexternal defibrillator of the plurality of external defibrillators. 19.The patient monitoring system of claim 18, wherein the at least oneprocessor is configured to receive an alarm suspend command and tosuspend the alarm in response to receipt of the alarm suspend command.20. The patient monitoring system of claim 19, wherein the at least oneprocessor is configured to receive a configurable period of time forwhich to suspend the alarm.